When you come to Psalm 119, the first observation is that it takes a long time to get through the 176 verses. The second obvious point is that it’s all about the Word of God. Only one or two of the verses doesn’t refer to His word, and that’s unique.
Now for some serious Bible student points to make. First, this is written to the Jews. Thus, the words used for The Word are very law oriented (law, judgments, testimonies, commandments, statutes and precepts). By contrast, the descriptors for the Word of God in the New Testament are things like “living and active and sharper than any two-edged sword” (2 Tim. 2:15); scriptures, truth, word of truth, word of God and prophesy. Here’s a little summary of the New Testament difference Christ made in relation to the law: Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace. (Eph. 2:15)
While not written TO us, Psalm 119 is definitely written FOR us, and we learn the powerful importance God places on His word.
But here’s something else unique about the style of this Psalm (and many of the Psalms). It falls within the poetry books of the Old Testament. In Part One of this blog, we talked about how Psalm 119 is an alphabetic acrostic. Each of the stanzas (and the verses within that stanza) begin with the next letter of the Hebrew alphabet in order (22 letters, 22 stanzas).
But in addition to the alphabetic acrostic style, the Psalms, including this one, weave in prophesy. The whole of Psalm 119 is not prophesy, but prophetic elements interlace in and out of this poetic book and chapter. Because of that, you can wonder as you read the nouns if they are talking about David, the likely author of this Psalm, or are they talking about Jesus? Or both? So let’s look at one stanza with this lens.
Psa 119:161-168 SCHIN. Princes have persecuted me without a cause: but my heart standeth in awe of thy word. (162) I rejoice at thy word, as one that findeth great spoil. (163) I hate and abhor lying: but thy law do I love. (164) Seven times a day do I praise thee because of thy righteous judgments. (165) Great peace have they which love thy law: and nothing shall offend them. (166) LORD, I have hoped for thy salvation, and done thy commandments. (167) My soul hath kept thy testimonies; and I love them exceedingly. (168) I have kept thy precepts and thy testimonies: for all my ways are before thee.
You can see that the “me” and “I” referred to here easily could apply to David or Jesus. Actually, it can and does waft back and forth between the two in hologram style. But the No. 1 clue that Jesus is here is in that first verse. “Princes have persecuted me without a cause.” Without a cause is a key phrase throughout the Bible that always points to Jesus. How do I know? You simply compare scripture with scripture. Jesus said in John 15:25 But this cometh to pass, that the word might be fulfilled that is written in their law, They hated me without a cause. What is Jesus referring to from the Old Testament? Take your pick: Psalm 7:4, 35:19, 69:4, 109:3, 119:161.
The puzzlement of the prophesy in Psalms is that the narrative takes you from the present to the prophetic future and back. By our standard English norms, the first-person grammar should apply to the writer in the present. The untrained eye can’t see past that. But once you do, you will see Jesus in passages that aren’t primarily about Jesus, and it will cause you to go back and look at that Psalm in a completely different light. I know. I’m over one year already studying each Psalm, and I see this all over the place!
R&J Shee